Coilgun - Wikipedia. A Coilgun or Gauss rifle is a type of projectile accelerator consisting of one or more coils used as electromagnets in the configuration of a linear motor that accelerate a ferromagnetic or conducting projectile to high velocity. It is not a rifle as the barrel is not rifled. The coils are switched on and off in a precisely timed sequence, causing the projectile to be accelerated quickly along the barrel via magnetic forces. Coilguns are distinct from railguns, as the direction of acceleration in a railgun is at right angles to the central axis of the current loop formed by the conducting rails. In addition, railguns usually require the use of sliding contacts to pass a large current through the projectile or sabot but coilguns do not necessarily require sliding contacts. It was powered by a large electrical motor and generator. A single- stage coilgun uses one electromagnet to propel a projectile. A multistage coilgun uses several electromagnets in succession to progressively increase the speed of the projectile. Ferromagnetic projectiles. This type of coilgun is formed like the solenoid used in an electromechanical relay, i. A large current is pulsed through the coil of wire and a strong magnetic field forms, pulling the projectile to the center of the coil. When the projectile nears this point the electromagnet must be switched off, to prevent the projectile from becoming arrested at the center of the electromagnet. In a multistage design, further electromagnets are then used to repeat this process, progressively accelerating the projectile. In common coilgun designs, the . Power is supplied to the electromagnet from some sort of fast discharge storage device, typically a battery, or high- capacity high voltage capacitors (one per electromagnet), designed for fast energy discharge. A diode is used to protect polarity sensitive components (such as semiconductors or electrolytic capacitors) from damage due to inverse polarity of the voltage after turning off the coil. Many hobbyists use low- cost rudimentary designs to experiment with coilguns, for example using photoflash capacitors from a disposable camera, or a capacitor from a standard cathode- ray tube television as the energy source, and a low inductance coil to propel the projectile forward. A traveling superconducting coil might be made to ride this wave like a surfboard. The device would be a mass driver or linear synchronous motor with the propulsion energy stored directly in the drive coils. By having the projectile pulled towards or levitated within the center of the coils as it is accelerated, no physical friction with the walls of the bore occurs. If the bore is a total vacuum (such as a tube with a plasma window) there is no friction at all which helps prolonged reusability. There are several common solutions—the simplest (and probably least effective) is the spark gap, which releases the stored energy through the coil when the voltage reaches a certain threshold. A better option is to use solid- state switches; these include IGBTs or power MOSFETs (which can be switched off mid- pulse) and SCRs (which release all stored energy before turning off). By wiring it in series with the coil, it can silently and non- destructively (assuming that the energy in the capacitor is kept below the tube's safe operating limits) allow a large amount of current to pass through to the coil. Like any flash tube, ionizing the gas in the tube with a high voltage triggers it. However, a large amount of the energy will be dissipated as heat and light, and, due to the tube being a spark gap, the tube will stop conducting once the voltage across it drops sufficiently, leaving some charge remaining on the capacitor. Resistance. However, as speeds climb, mechanical power grows proportional to the speed, but, correctly switched, the resistive losses are largely unaffected, and thus these resistive losses become much smaller in percentage terms. Magnetic circuit. If a 1. 00% efficiency coilgun was possible, it would also be possible to reconvert the kinetic energy of the projectile into electricity by making the projectile arrive into another coilgun, but this would counterdict 2nd principle. With a simple air- cored solenoid, the majority of the magnetic flux is not coupled into the projectile because of the magnetic circuit's high reluctance. Download the free trial version below to get started. Double-click the downloaded file to install the software. The DOS (Denial of service) attack is one of the more powerful hacks, capable of completely taking a server down. In this way, the server will not be able to handle. Buy PC games CD Keys, console games, and game cards. Buy your games in retail box or digital download on Steam, Origin, Sony PSN, Xbox Live. The uncoupled flux generates a magnetic field that stores energy in the surrounding air. The energy that is stored in this field does not simply disappear from the magnetic circuit once the capacitor finishes discharging, instead returning to the coilgun's electric circuit. Because the coilgun's electric circuit is inherently analogous to an LC oscillator, the unused energy returns in the reverse direction ('ringing'), which can seriously damage polarized capacitors such as electrolytic capacitors. Reverse charging can be prevented by a diode connected in reverse- parallel across the capacitor terminals; as a result, the current keeps flowing until the diode and the coil's resistance dissipate the field energy as heat. While this is a simple and frequently utilized solution, it requires an additional expensive high- power diode and a well- designed coil with enough thermal mass and heat dissipation capability in order to prevent component failure. Some designs attempt to recover the energy stored in the magnetic field by using a pair of diodes. These diodes, instead of being forced to dissipate the remaining energy, recharge the capacitors with the right polarity for the next discharge cycle. This will also avoid the need to fully recharge the capacitors, thus significantly reducing charge times. However, the practicality of this solution is limited by the resulting high recharge current through the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the capacitors; the ESR will dissipate some of the recharge current, generating heat within the capacitors and potentially shortening their lifetime. To reduce component size, weight, durability requirements, and most importantly, cost, the magnetic circuit must be optimized to deliver more energy to the projectile for a given energy input. This has been addressed to some extent by the use of back iron and end iron, which are pieces of magnetic material that enclose the coil and create paths of lower reluctance in order to improve the amount of magnetic flux coupled into the projectile. Results can vary widely, depending on the materials used; hobbyist designs may use, for example, materials ranging anywhere from magnetic steel (more effective, lower reluctance) to video tape (little improvement in reluctance). Moreover, the additional pieces of magnetic material in the magnetic circuit can potentially exacerbate the possibility of flux saturation and other magnetic losses. Ferromagnetic projectile saturation. When the flux in the projectile lies in the linear portion of its material's B(H) curve, the force applied to the core is proportional to the square of coil current (I)—the field (H) is linearly dependent on I, B is linearly dependent on H and force is linearly dependent on the product BI. This relationship continues until the core is saturated; once this happens B will only increase marginally with H (and thus with I), so force gain is linear. Since losses are proportional to I2, increasing current beyond this point eventually decreases efficiency although it may increase the force. This puts an absolute limit on how much a given projectile can be accelerated with a single stage at acceptable efficiency. Projectile magnetization and reaction time. The hysteresis means that the projectile becomes permanently magnetized and some energy will be lost as a permanent magnetic field of the projectile. The projectile reaction time, on the other hand, makes the projectile reluctant to respond to abrupt B changes; the flux will not rise as fast as desired while current is applied and a B tail will occur after the coil field has disappeared. This delay decreases the force, which would be maximized if the H and B were in phase. Induction coilguns. In these systems, the projectile is accelerated by a moving coil . If the armature is configured as one or more . However, the practical construction of such arrangements requires the provision of reliable high speed sliding contacts. Although feeding current to a multi- turn coil armature might not require currents as large as those required in a railgun, the elimination of the need for high speed sliding contacts is an obvious potential advantage of the induction coilgun relative to the railgun. Air cored systems also introduce the penalty that much higher currents may be needed than in an . Ultimately though, subject to the provision of appropriately rated power supplies, air cored systems can operate with much greater magnetic field strengths than . In 1. 97. 8, Bondaletov in the USSR achieved record acceleration with a single stage by sending a 2- gram ring to 5. The coilgun would be relatively silent with no smoke giving away its position, though a coilgun projectile would still create a sonic boom if supersonic. Adjustable yet smooth acceleration of the projectile throughout the barrel can allow somewhat higher velocity, with a predicted range increase of 3. EM mortar over the conventional version of similar length. With no separate propellant charges to load, the researchers envision the firing rate to approximately double. Ford class aircraft carriers. An experimental induction coilgun version of an Electromagnetic Missile Launcher (EMML) has been tested for launching Tomahawk missiles. Challenging and corresponding to a magnitude of capital investment that few entities could readily fund, gigantic coilguns with projectile mass and velocity on the scale of gigajoules of kinetic energy (as opposed to megajoules or less) have not been developed so far, but such have been proposed as launchers from the Moon or from Earth: An ambitious lunar- base proposal considered within a 1. Download - Update. Star - Update. Star. Download the. free trial version below to get started. Double- click the downloaded file. Update. Star is compatible with Windows platforms. Update. Star has been tested to meet all of the technical requirements to be compatible with. Windows 1. 0, 8. 1, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2. Windows. XP, 3. 2 bit and 6. Simply double- click the downloaded file to install it. Update. Star Free and Update. Star Premium come with the same installer. Update. 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Pendidikan di Indonesia adalah seluruh pendidikan yang diselenggarakan di Indonesia, baik itu secara terstruktur maupun tidak terstruktur. Secara terstruktur. Biografi Al Farabi . Sebenarnya nama julukan Al- Farabi diambil dari nama kota Farab, Beliau dilahirkan di desa Wasij di Distrik Farab (Utrar, provinsi Transoxiana, Turkestan) pada tahun 2. PMB Sarjana Terapan Alih Jenjang. Pendidikan merupakan hak asasi setiap warga negara Indonesia. Untuk itu, setiap warga negara Indonesia berhak memperoleh pendidikan. Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah atau lebih dikenali sebagai Hamka (lahir di Kampung Molek, Maninjau, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia pada 17 Februari 1908 - 24 Julai 1981. Ingin melamar kerja? CV (daftar riwayat hidup) kamu harus unik & menarik. Berbagai contoh CV (daftar riwayat hidup) lamaran kerja ini akan menginspirasimu! You have not yet voted on this site! If you have already visited the site, please help us classify the good from the bad by voting on this site. H (8. 70. M), kadang- kadang Beliau mendapat sebutan orang Turki, sebab ayahnya sebagai orang Iran menikah dengan wanita Turki. Beberapa hal yang dapat kita ketahui tentang latar belakang keluarga Al- farabi adalah bahwa ayahnya seorang Opsir tentara pada Dinasti Samaniyyah yang menguasai wilayah Transoxiana wilayah otonom Bani Abbasyyah. Ayahnya mengabdi pada pangeran- pangeran Dinasti Samaniyyah. Penguasaan terhadap Iran, Turkistan dan Kurdistan sangat dia pahami, justru bahasa Yunani dan Suryani sebagai bahasa Ilmu Pengetahuan pada masa itu belum dia kuasai. Pendidikan dasarnya ditempuh di Farab, yang penduduknya bermazhab Syafii. Beliau belajar disana kurang lebih 1. Dengan berbekal ketajaman integensi sejak awal, dan mendapat karunia besar untuk menguasai hamper semua pelajaran yang dipelajari, Ia segera terkenal sebagai seorang filosof dan ilmuwan. Beliau juga belajar kepada seorang Kristen Nestorian, tokoh filsafat aliran Alexandria yang banyak menterjemahkan filsafat Yunani, yaitu Yuhana Ibn Hailan yang sekaligus mengajak Al Farabi pergi ke Konstantinopel dan tinggal di sana selama 8 tahun guna mendalami filsafat. Sepulang dari Konstantinopel, Al Farabi mencurahkan diri dalam belajar, mengajar, dan menulis filsafat. Pandangan al- Farabi tentang filsafat terbukti dengan usahanya untuk mengahiri kontradiksi antara pemikiran Plato dengan Aristoteles melalui risalahnya . Di tempat ini beliau bertemu dengan para sastrawan, penyair, ahli bahasa, ahli fiqih, dan cendekiawan lainnya. Di Damaskus Al Farabi bekerja di siang hari sebagai tukang kebun, dan pada malam hari belajar teks- teks filsafat. Al Farabi terkenal sangat saleh dan zuhud. Al- Farabi hanya membutuhkan empat dirham untuk sekedar memenuhi kehidupan sehari- hari. Sedangkan tunjangannya, Beliau bagikan kepada fakir- miskin dan amal sosial di Aleppo dan Damaskus. Kurang lebih 1. 0 tahun Al- Farabi hidup di dua kota tersebut secara berpindah- pindah. Bagi al Farabi, tujuan filsafat dan agama sama, yaitu mengetahui semua wujud. Hanya saja filsafat memakai dalil- dalil yang yakini dan ditujukan kepada golongan tertentu, sedang agama memakai cara iqna’i (pemuasan perasaan), dan kiasan- kiasan, serta gambaran, dan ditujukan kepada semua orang, bangsa, dan negara. Dia juga berpendapat bahwa tidak ada pertentangan antara filsafat Plato dan Aristoteles, sebab kelihatan berlainan pemikirannya tetapi hakikatnya mereka bersatu dalam tujuannya. Al Farabi mendasarkan hidupnya atas kemurnian jiwa, bahwa kebersihan jiwa dari kotoran- kotoran merupakan syarat pertama bagi pandangan filsafat dan buahnya. Al Farabi mempunyai dasar berfilsafat adalah memperdalam ilmu dengan segala yang maujud hingga membawa pengenalan Allah sebagai penciptanya. Dengan arah ke situ, maka filsafat adalah ilmu satu- satunya yang dapat menghamparkan di depan kita dengan gambaran yang lengkap mengenai cakrawala dengan segala cosmosnya (kaum). Bahwa Ia Esa dan tidak bergerak, bahwa Ia menjadi sebab yang aktif bagi semua yang ada, bahwa Ia yang mengatur alam ini dengan kemurahan, kebijaksanaan, dan keadilan- Nya. Semua tindakan tersebut dapat diteliti mengenai tujuannya, dan apa yang membuat manusia dapat melakukan seperti itu, dan bagaimana yang mengatur, memelihara tindakan dengan cara yang baik dapat diteliti. Dengan kata lain, politik adalah bentuk operasional dari pemerintah dan raja. Pemerintah, raja, atau penguasa ini haruslah orang yang paling unggul, baik dalam bidang intelektual maupun moralnya diantara yang ada. Kemudian makna . Sedangkan makna . Seperti ilmu mantiq (logika), matematika, atau ilmu juzz’iyyat lainnya. Seperti wujud cahaya yang tidak akan ada, kalau sekiranya tidak ada matahari. Cahaya itu sendiri menurut tabiatnya bisa wujud dan bisa tidak wujud. Dengan kata lain cahaya adalah wujud yang mungkin. Karena matahari telah wujud maka cahaya itu menjadi wujud yang nyata karena matahari. Wujud ini adalah wujud yang tabiatnya itu sendiri menghendaki wujud- Nya, yaitu wujud yang diperkirakan tidak ada, maka akan timbul kemusyrikan. Kalau itu tidak ada, maka yang lainpun tidak akan ada sama sekali. Ia adalah sebab pertama bagi semua wujud yang ada. Dan wujud yang wajib ada inilah Tuhan. Ia tidak berbeda dari zat- Nya. Tuhan merupakan akal (pikiran) murni, karena yang menghalang- halangi sesuatu untuk menjadi objek pemikiran adalah benda, maka sesuatu itu berada. Apabila wujud sesuatu tidak membutuhkan benda, maka sesuatu itu benar- benar akal. Demikian juga zat- Nya juga menjadi obyek pemikiran Tuhan sendiri (ma’qul), karena yang menghalang- halangi untuk menjadi obyek pemikiran adalah benda pula. Jadi, ia adalah obyek pemikiran, karena ia adalah akal pikiran. Ia tidak membutuhkan sesuatu yang lain untuk memikirkan zat- Nya sendiri, tetapi cukup dengan zat- Nya itu sendiri pula untuk menjadi obyek pemikiran. Dengan demikian zat Tuhan yang satu itu juga akal (pikiran), zat yang berfikir, dan zat yang dipikirkan, atau ia menjadi aqal, . Berdasarkan wahyu dan ilhamlah segala kaidah dan sendi- sendinya menjadi tegak. Dalam ajaran Islam, wahyu merupakan sumber inspirasi yang pasti, yang harus dijadikan pedoman baginya dalam operasionalisasi ajaran. Ciri khas seorang nabi bagi al Farabi adalah mempunyai daya imaginasi yang kuat di mana obyek inderawi dari luar tidak dapat mempengaruhinya. Ketika ia berhubungan dengan . Wahyu adalah limpahan dari Tuhan melalui . Dalam hal ini kita bias melihat teori sufi yang merupakan bagian dari pandangan filosofis Al Farabi. Bukti yang paling kuat dalam masalah ini adalah adanya korelasi yang kuat untuk menghubungkan tasawuf dengan teori- teori Al farabi yang lain, baik psikologis, moral, maupun politik. Sebagai cirri khas dari teori tasawuf yang dikatakan Al Farabi adalah pada asas rasional. Tasawuf Al Farabi bukanlah tasawuf spiritual semata yang hanya berlandaskan kepada sikap menerangi jism dan menjauh dari segala kelezatan guna mensucikan jiwa dan meningkat menuju derajat- derajat kesempurnaan, tetapi tasawufnya adalah tasawuf yang berlandaskan pada studi. Sedangkan kesucian jiwa menurutnya tidak akan sempurna apabila hanya melalui jalur tubuh dan amal- amal badaniyah semata, tetapi secara esensial juga harus melalui jalur akal dan tindakan- tindakan pemikiran. Dengan demikian, meski sudak memiliki keutamaan alamiah jasmaniyah, tetap harus ada keutamaan- keutamaan rasional teoritis. Dan itulah tingkat akal mustafad, dimana ia siap menerima emanasi seluruh objek rasional dari akal aktif. Dengan demikian, perilaku berfikir adalah perilaku yang dapat mewujudkan kebahagiaan bagi manusia. Sebagian di antaranya berupa perilaku kognitif dan sebagian lain berupa perilaku fisik, serta bukan dengan semua perilaku yang sesuai, tetapi dengan perilaku terbatas dan terukur yang berasal dari berbagai situasi dan bakat yang terbatas dan terukur. Perilaku berkeinginan yang bermanfaat dalam mencapai kebahagiaan adalah perilaku yang baik. Situasi dan bakat yang menjadi sumber perilaku yang baik adalah adalah keutamaan- keutamaan. Kebaikan tersebut bukan semata- mata untuk kebaikan itu sendiri, tetapi kebaikan demi mencapai kebahagiaan. Perilaku yang menghambat kebahagiaan adalah kejahatan, yaitu perilaku yang buruk. Situasi dan bakat yang membentuk perilaku buruk adalah kekurangan, kehinaan, dan kenistaan. Tetapi hal ini hanya terbatas pada penulisan kerangka Organom, dalam versi yang dikenal oleh para sejarah Arab pada saat itu. Al Farabi menyatakan bahwa: . Menurrutnya, logika mempunyai kedudukan yang mudah dimengerti, sebagaimana hubungan antara tata bahasa dengan kata- kata, dan ilmu mantra dengan syair. Ia menekankan praktek dan penggunaan aspek logika, dengan menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman dapat diuji lewat aturan- aturannya, sebagaimana dimensi, volume, dan massa ditentukan oleh ukuran. Sementara pengetahuan totalitas terwujud melalui pengetahuan parsial, atau pemahaman universal merupakan hasil penginderaan terhadap hal- hal yang parsial. Jiwa mengetahui dengan daya. Dan indera adalah jalan yang dimanfaatkan jiwa untuk memperoleh pengetahuan kemanusiaan. Sedangkan pengetahuan universal dan esensi segala sesuatu hanya dapat diperoleh melalui akal. Akal teoritis ini di bagi lagi menjadi dua, yaitu: 1) Akal fisik (material), Akal fisik, atau sebagaimana sering di sebut Al Farabi sebagai akal potensial, adalah jiwa atau bagian jiwa atau unsur yang mempunyai kekuatan mengabstraksi dan menyerap esensi pada setiap hal yang ada tanpa disertai materinya. Akal terbiasa/bakat (habitual), merupakan rasionalisasi dari akal fisik, ketika akal fisik telah mengabtraksi maka dengan begitu seseorang kemudian akan mencari objek untuk membuktikan fisik tersebut karena akal bakat/habitual/aktual akan menjadi aktif jika disandarkan pada objek rasional yang dipikirkan oleh seseoarang sedangkan objek rasional yang belum dipikirkan adalah potensi. Ketika akal aktual menghasilkan semua objek akal maka seseorang akan menjadi manusia sejati dengan mengunkan realisasi akal yang telah dikembangkan. Ia merupakan dasar fisika dan astronomi. 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Secara terstruktur, pendidikan di Indonesia menjadi tanggung jawab Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia (Kemdikbud), dahulu bernama Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia (Depdiknas). Di Indonesia, semua penduduk wajib mengikuti program wajib belajar pendidikan dasar selama sembilan tahun, enam tahun di sekolah dasar/madrasah ibtidaiyah dan tiga tahun di sekolah menengah pertama/madrasah tsanawiyah. Saat ini, pendidikan di Indonesia diatur melalui Undang- Undang Nomor 2. Tahun 2. 00. 3 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Pendidikan di Indonesia terbagi ke dalam tiga jalur utama, yaitu formal, nonformal, dan informal. Pendidikan juga dibagi ke dalam empat jenjang, yaitu anak usia dini, dasar, menengah, dan tinggi. Belanda memperkenalkan sistem pendidikan formal bagi penduduk Hindia- Belanda (cikal bakal Indonesia), meskipun terbatas bagi kalangan tertentu yang terbatas. Sistem yang mereka perkenalkan secara kasar sama saja dengan struktur yang ada sekarang, dengan tingkatan sebagai berikut: Sejak tahun 1. Belanda memperkenalkan pendidikan formal terbatas bagi hampir semua provinsi di Hindia Belanda. Jenjang pendidikan adalah tahapan pendidikan yang ditetapkan berdasarkan tingkat perkembangan peserta didik, tujuan yang akan dicapai, dan kemampuan yang dikembangkan. Mengacu Undang- undang Nomor 2. Tahun 2. 00. 3, Pasal 1 Butir 1. Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, Pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) adalah suatu upaya pembinaan yang ditujukan bagi anak sejak lahir sampai dengan usia enam tahun yang dilakukan melalui pemberian rangsangan pendidikan untuk membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jasmani dan rohani agar anak memiliki kesiapan dalam memasuki pendidikan lebih lanjut. Pendidikan dasar merupakan jenjang pendidikan awal selama 9 (sembilan) yaitu Sekolah Dasar (SD) selama 6 tahun dan Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) selama 3 tahun. Pendidikan dasar merupakan Program Wajib Belajar. Pendidikan menengah merupakan jenjang pendidikan lanjutan pendidikan dasar, yaitu Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) selama 3 tahun waktu tempuh pendidikan. Pendidikan tinggi adalah jenjang pendidikan setelah pendidikan menengah yang mencakup program pendidikan diploma, sarjana, magister, doktor, dan spesialis yang diselenggarakan oleh perguruan tinggi. Jalur pendidikan adalah wahana yang dilalui peserta didik untuk mengembangkan potensi diri dalam suatu proses pendidikan yang sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan. Pendidikan formal merupakan pendidikan yang diselenggarakan di sekolah- sekolah pada umumnya. Jalur pendidikan ini mempunyai jenjang pendidikan yang jelas, mulai dari pendidikan dasar, pendidikan menengah, sampai pendidikan tinggi. Pendidikan nonformal paling banyak terdapat pada usia dini, serta pendidikan dasar, adalah TPA, atau Taman Pendidikan Al Quran,yang banyak terdapat di setiap mesjid dan Sekolah Minggu, yang terdapat di semua gereja. Selain itu, ada juga berbagai kursus, diantaranya kursus musik, bimbingan belajar dan sebagainya. Pendidikan informal adalah jalur pendidikan keluarga dan lingkungan berbentuk kegiatan belajar secara mandiri yang dilakukan secara sadar dan bertanggung jawab. Jenis pendidikan adalah kelompok yang didasarkan pada kekhususan tujuan pendidikan suatu satuan pendidikan. Pendidikan umum merupakan pendidikan dasar dan menengah yang mengutamakan perluasan pengetahuan yang diperlukan oleh peserta didik untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi. Bentuknya: sekolah dasar (SD), sekolah menengah pertama (SMP), dan sekolah menengah atas (SMA). Pendidikan kejuruan merupakan pendidikan menengah yang mempersiapkan peserta didik terutama untuk bekerja dalam bidang tertentu. Bentuk satuan pendidikannya adalah sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK), sekolah menengah kejuruan ini memiliki berbagai macam spesialisasi keahlian tertentu. Pendidikan akademik merupakan pendidikan tinggi program sarjana dan pascasarjana yang diarahkan terutama pada penguasaan disiplin ilmu pengetahuan tertentu. Pendidikan profesi merupakan pendidikan tinggi setelah program sarjana yang mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk memasuki suatu profesi atau menjadi seorang profesional. Pendidikan vokasi merupakan pendidikan tinggi yang mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk memiliki pekerjaan dengan keahlian terapan tertentu maksimal dalam jenjang diploma 4 setara dengan program sarjana (strata 1). Pendidikan keagamaan merupakan pendidikan dasar, menengah, dan tinggi yang mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk dapat menjalankan peranan yang menuntut penguasaan pengetahuan dan pengalaman terhadap ajaran agama dan/atau menjadi ahli ilmu agama. Pendidikan khusus merupakan penyelenggaraan pendidikan untuk peserta didik yang berkebutuhan khusus atau peserta didik yang memiliki kecerdasan luar biasa yang diselenggarakan secara inklusif (bergabung dengan sekolah biasa) atau berupa satuan pendidikan khusus pada tingkat pendidikan dasar dan menengah (dalam bentuk sekolah luar biasa/SLB). Jenis ilmu. Mata pelajaran. Jenjang (kelas)#Nama#Nama. SDSMPSMA1. 23. 45. IPA)1. 2 (IPA)1. 1 (IPS)1. IPS)1. Ilmu Pendidikan. Agama. 22. Kewarganegaraan. Jasmani dan Kesehatan. Teknologi Informatika dan Komunikasi. Ilmu Bahasa (dan Sastra)1. Bahasa Indonesia. Bahasa Inggris. 23. Bahasa Daerah. 24. Bahasa Asing. 3Ilmu Alam. Matematika. 64. 62. Fisika. 3n/a. 3Biologi. Kimian/a. 36n/a. 4Ilmu Sosial. Sejarah. 21. 32. Geografi. Ekonomi. 4Sosiologin/a. Ilmu Seni (dan Budaya)1. Seni Musik. 1n/a. Seni Rupa. 3Seni Keterampilan. Seni Tari. Total jam mata pelajaran. Jumlah mata pelajaran. Keterangan. Mata pelajaran Fisika dan Biologi tingkat jenjang sekolah dasar dan menengah pertama digabungkan menjadi Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Mata pelajaran Ekonomi dan Geografi tingkat jenjang sekolah dasar dan menengah pertama digabungkan menjadi Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial. Mata pelajaran Seni Rupa, Seni Musik, Seni Keterampilan dan Seni Tari tingkat jenjang sekolah dasar dan menengah pertama digabungkan menjadi Seni Budaya dan Keterampilan (dahulu Kerajinan Tangan dan Kesenian). Jenis ilmu. Mata pelajaran. Jenjang (kelas)#Nama#Nama. SD. Satu tahun pelajaran dibagi ke dalam dua semester. Semester ganjil dimulai dari Juli sampai dengan Desember dan semester genap dari Januari sampai dengan Juni. Posisi semester pada libur lebaran. Semester ganjil. Semester genap. Awal. Berakhir. Awal. Berakhir. Ganjil. Awal Juli. Pertengahan pertama Desember. Awal Januari. Akhir Juni. Genap. Akhir Juli. Pertengahan pertama Desember. Awal Januari. Pertengahan pertama Juli. Tahun ajaran. Semester ganjil. Semester genap. Liburan lebaran. Liburan natal. Liburan semester ganjil. Liburan semester genap. Jul - 1. 4 Des. 6 Jan - 2. Jun. 5 Agus - 1. 7 Agus. Des - 4 Jan. 16 Des - 2. Des. 30 Jun - 5 Jul. Jul - 1. 3 Des. 5 Jan - 2. Jun. 21 Jul - 2 Agus. Des - 3 Jan. 15 Des - 2. Des. 29 Jun - 4 Jul. Jul - 1. 9 Des. 4 Jan - 2. Jun. 13 Jul - 2. 5 Jul. Des - 2 Jan. 6 Jul - 1. Jul. 28 Jun - 3 Jul. Jul - 1. 1 Des. 3 Jan - 2. Jun. 5 Jul - 1. 7 Jul. Des - 1 Jan. 13 Des - 1. Des. 4 Jul - 9 Jul. Jul - 1. 0 Des. 2 Jan - 7 Jul. Jun - 2 Jul. 11 Jun - 2. Jun. 19 Des - 3. 1 Des. Des - 1. 7 Des. 9 Jul - 1. Jul. Keterangan: Yang ditambah 4 minggu adalah selama libur Pra- ujian (2 kali), ujian serta libur bervariasi pada semester genap. Jenjang. Lama waktu (menit) per mata pelajaran. Prasekolah. 35. Sekolah dasar. Sekolah menengah. Sekolah tinggi. 50. Dari kelahiran sampai usia 3 tahun, kanak- kanak Indonesia pada umumnya tidak memiliki akses terhadap pendidikan formal. Dari usia 3 sampai 4 atau 5 tahun, mereka memasuki taman kanak- kanak. Pendidikan ini tidak wajib bagi warga negara Indonesia, tujuan pokoknya adalah untuk mempersiapkan anak didik memasuki sekolah dasar. Dari 4. 9. 0. 00 taman kanak- kanak yang ada di Indonesia, 9. Periode taman kanak- kanak biasanya dibagi ke dalam . Tingkatan pendidikan ini adalah wajib bagi seluruh warga negara Indonesia berdasarkan konstitusi nasional. Tidak seperti taman kanak- kanak yang sebagian besar di antaranya diselenggarakan pihak swasta, justru sebagian besar sekolah dasar diselenggarakan oleh sekolah- sekolah umum yang disediakan oleh negara (disebut . Sama halnya dengan sistem pendidikan di Amerika Serikat dan Australia, para siswa harus belajar selama enam tahun untuk menyelesaikan tahapan ini. Beberapa sekolah memberikan program pembelajaran yang dipercepat, di mana para siswa yang berkinerja bagus dapat menuntaskan sekolah dasar selama lima tahun saja. Sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) dan madrasah tsanawiyah (MTs) adalah bagian dari pendidikan dasar di Indonesia. Setelah tamat dari SD/MI, para siswa dapat memilih untuk memasuki SMP atau MTs selama tiga tahun pada kisaran usia 1. Setelah tiga tahun dan tamat, para siswa dapat meneruskan pendidikan mereka ke sekolah menengah atas (SMA), sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK), atau madrasah aliyah (MA). Siswa SMA dipersiapkan untuk melanjutkan pendidikannya di perguruan tinggi, sedangkan siswa SMK dipersiapkan untuk dapat langsung memasuki dunia kerja tanpa melanjutkan ke tahapan pendidikan selanjutnya. Madrasah aliyah pada dasarnya sama dengan sekolah menengah atas, tetapi porsi kurikulum keagamaannya (dalam hal ini Islam) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sekolah menengah atas. Jumlah sekolah menengah atas di Indonesia sedikit lebih kecil dari 9. Pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia dibagi ke dalam dua kategori: yakni negeri dan swasta. Kedua- duanya dipandu oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional. 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MEINBERG LANTIME/GPS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS MANUAL Pdf Download. Technical Information Operating Instructions LANTIME / GPS ETX 1. HE.. Contact Information Meinberg Funkuhren Gmb. H & Co. KG Auf der Landwehr 2. D- 3. 18. 12 Bad Pyrmont Telephone: +4. Telefax: +4. 9 (0) 5. Internet: http: //www. E- Mail: info@meinberg. Bad Pyrmont, 7. Februar 2. Table of Contents Quick Start............ Network Timeserver with GPS synchronized time base..... The Modular System LANTIME......... Supported Network Services........ Additional Features and Options......... User Interface............ Options............. Why to use a Network Timeserver....... Network Time Protocol (NTP)......... NTP Target........... NTP- Client Installation......... GPS satellite controlled clock......... SETUP LAN PARAMETERS........ ENABLE OUTPUTS.......... VMware ESXi is the industry-leading, purpose-built bare-metal hypervisor. ESXi installs directly onto your physical server enabling it to be partitioned into multiple. A community-built site of hints and tips on using Apple's new Mac OS X operating system. One major feature that distinguishes ZFS from other file systems is that it is designed with a focus on data integrity by protecting the user's data on disk against. Download the free trial version below to get started. Double-click the downloaded file to install the software. SETUP TIME ZONE.......... SETUP DAYLIGHT SAV ON/OFF....... SETUP SERIAL PORT......... SETUP SERIAL STRING TYPE........ SETUP IRIG SETTINGS (option)....... SETUP INITIAL POSITION........ SETUP INITIAL TIME......... IGNORE LOCK.......... INITIATE COLD BOOT......... INITIATE WARM BOOT.......... ANTENNA CABLE.......... User Management.......... Administrative Information......... Software Update.......... Automatic configuration check........ Get Diagnostics Information........ This manual describes the Fully Automatic Installation software. This includes the installation of the packages, setting up the server, creating of the configuration. View and Download Sena Parani MSP1000 user manual online. For Wireless Multi-Serial Communications, based on Bluetooth Technology. Parani MSP1000 Wireless Access. Web interface language......... Configuration: Statistics......... Statistical Information......... Configuration: Manual........... The Command Line Interface......... CLI Ethernet........... CLI Notification............ Is Subversion proprietary software? Several companies (CollabNet, WANdisco, VisualSVN, elego.) pay or have payed. This topic provides information about how to upload logs to create automatic Cloud Discovery reports. Alarm events........... E- mail messages.......... Windows Popup Messages......... SNMP- TRAP messages......... Menu Configuration Files......... Menu Script Files.......... Keypad locking.......... Time Strings........... Format of the Meinberg Standard Time String..... Format of the GPS1. Capture String........ Format of the SAT- Time String......... Format of the Uni Erlangen String (NTP) ...... Format of the NMEA 0. String (RMC)...... Format of the ABB SPA Time String....... Format of the COMPUTIME Time String...... Menu Quick Reference......... Declaration of Conformity......... Manual VP1. 00/NET Display configuration...... Global Configuration File......... Global Option File.......... Third party software.......... Operating System GNU/Linux........ Quick Start - Approximately 3. SERVER NOT READY Wed, 1. NORMAL OPERATION Wed, 1. NTP: Not Ready 1. NTP: not sync 1. 0: 0. If the GPS receiver remains asynchronous (FAIL LED is still on after 1. MENU twice). IRIG time code receiver can be integrated as an internal reference as well as a combination of these references (hybrid system). External references are also possible. LANTIME/GPS is a set of equipment composed of a satellite controlled clock GPS1. Information on the NTPD is monitored on the LC display or can be inquired via the network. Supported Network Services The following network services are provided via RJ4. Base- T Ethernet (Auto sensing): - NTP v. NTP broadcast mode - NTP multicast - NTP symmetric keys - NTP Autokey - Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) - TIME - SNMP v. SNMP- Agent and SNMP- Traps for NTP and reference clock status.. Additional Features and Options - external NTP timeserver - free configuration of NTP: thereby MD5 authentication and access control via address & mask restriction - extended menu guidance for configuration and monitoring via Telnet, SSH or serial terminal interface - optional up to 3 RJ4. Mbit Ethernet interfaces - extended HTTP statistic support with long- term graphic and access statistic to - alarm messages can be displayed on external large display VP1. NET - USB memory stick slot for extended functionality: software update, transfer of.. Why to use a Network Timeserver A network timeserver should be used if accurate time is essential for undisturbed operation. It is possible to synchronize computers in a network using Public Domain Time servers over the Internet, but there are good reasons not to use them: - The possibility to send notification via e- mail or SNMP- Trap to an administrator in the event of any synchronisation failure. XP/2. 00. 0/NT/9. OS2 or MAC. The following WEB site is recommended to get the latest version of NTP: . More information you can find on our web page at . NTP- Client Installation The following example shows the installation of a NTP client under UNIX. First make sure that there is no NTP installed on your computer because many UNIX operating systems include NTP already. The NTP daemon is started with . Status messages during operation are saved in /var/adm/messages and / var/adm/syslog (corresponding to the syslog configuration). The satellite receiver clock GPS1. The clock has been developed for applications where conventional radio controlled clocks can not meet the growing requirements in precision. GPS1. 67 Features The hardware of GPS1. The front panel integrates a 2 x 4. LC display, two LED indicators and 5 push buttons. The receiver is connected to the antenna/converter unit by a 5. They can only be received if no building is in the line- of- sight from the antenna to the satellite, so the antenna/converter unit must be installed in a location from which as much of the sky as possible can be seen. Type N male As short as possible! Type N male CN- UB/E Type N male Meinberg 1. Type N / BNC male Antenna Short- Circuit In case of an antenna line short- circuit the following message appears in the display: ANTENNA SHORT- CIRCUIT.. Booting the GPS receiver If both, the antenna and the power supply, have been connected the system is ready to operate. About 1. 0 seconds after power- up the receiver’s oscillator has warmed up and operates with the required accuracy. If the receiver finds valid almanac and ephemeris data in its battery buffered memory and the receiver’s position has not changed significantly since its last operation the receiver can find out which satellites are in view now. For the synchronisation of the NTPD with the GPS it is necessary that the GPS receiver is synchronous with the GPS time (LOCK LED is turned on). In this case the following message is monitored on the display: GPS: NORMAL OPERATION Wed, 1. NTP: Sync.. Configuration User Interface There are several ways to configure the LANTIME parameters: Command Line Interface (CLI) via TELNET Command Line Interface via SSH Command Line Interface via serial interface terminal (BGT versions only) HTTP Interface Secure HTTP Interface (HTTPS) Front panel LCD Interface SNMP Management To put LANTIME into operation for the first time an IP address is entered via the front panel keys and LC display (refer to: DHCP IPv. AUTOCONF IPv. 6). The Front Panel Layout FAIL LED The FAIL LED is turned on whenever the TIME. The FAIL LED is blinking when an user defined alarm has been set or the internal single board computer is not responding. LOCK LED The LOCK LED is turned on when after power- up the receiver has acquired at least four satellites and has computed its position. Configuration via LC Display On first installation of LANTIME the network parameters can only be configured by the front panels push buttons and the LC display. Press MENU until the SETUP menus appear on the display. The first setup menu are the LAN PARAMETERS. Pressing NEXT further setup menus appear. The menus in Detail Root Menu The root menu is shown when the receiver has completed initialisation after power- up. The left side of the first line of the display shows the receiver’s mode of operation as described above. This menu shows the current receiver position. The NEXT key lets the user select one of three formats. The default format is geographic latitude, longitude and altitude with latitude and longitude displayed in degrees, minutes and seconds. The next format is geographic, too, with latitude and longitude displayed in degrees with fractions of degrees. Menu SV POSITION This menu gives information on the currently selected satellite (SV). The satellite’s ID number, its elevation, azimuth and distance from the receiver position reflect the satellite’s position in the sky whereas the Doppler shows whether the satellite is coming up from the horizon (Doppler positive) or going down to the horizon (Doppler negative). SETUP LAN PARAMETERS In this submenu the network parameters are configured. These parameters have to be adapted to the existing network when the LANTIME is installed the first time. The following parameters can be set: TCP/IP ADDRESS, NETMASK, DEFAULT GATEWAY, Ext. SETUP TIME ZONE This menu lets the user enter the names of the local time zone with daylight saving disabled and enabled, together with the zones. The left part of the display shows the zone and offset if daylight saving is off whereas the right part shows name and offset if daylight saving is on. SETUP DAYLIGHT SAV ON/OFF These two topics let the user enter the range of date for daylight saving to be in effect. Concerning parameter input both topics are handled identically, so they are described together in this chapter. Beginning and ending of daylight saving may either be defined by exact dates for a single year or using an algorithm which allows the receiver to re- compute the effective dates year by year. This topic is used to select one of several different types of serial time strings or the capture string for each serial port. The following time strings can be selected. All time strings are described in the appendix at the end of this documentation. Meinberg Standard String GPS1. Capture String SAT String UNI- Erlangen String.. SETUP IRIG SETTINGS (option) This menu lets the user select the Timecodes to be generated by GPS1. TC. Most IRIG- Codes do not carry any time zone information, hence UTC is selected for output by default. If desired, the clocks local time can be output by selecting . The user has to acknowledge this menu again before the initialisation starts. The system starts operating in the COLD BOOT mode and seeks for a satellite to read its actual parameters. ZFS - Wikipedia. ZFSDeveloper(s)Oracle Corporation. Full name. ZFSIntroduced. November 2. 00. 5 with Open. Solaris. Structures. Directory contents. Extensible hash table. Limits. Max. The features of ZFS include protection against data corruption, support for high storage capacities, efficient data compression, integration of the concepts of filesystem and volume management, snapshots and copy- on- write clones, continuous integrity checking and automatic repair, RAID- Z and native NFSv. ACLs. The ZFS name is registered as a trademark of Oracle Corporation. ZFS became a standard feature of Solaris 1. June 2. 00. 6. In 2. Oracle stopped the releasing of source code for new Open. Solaris and ZFS development, effectively forking their closed- source development from the open- source branch. In response, Open. ZFS was created as a new open- source development umbrella project. The user sees this as a single volume, containing an NTFS- formatted drive of their data, and NTFS is not necessarily aware of the manipulations that may be required (such as rebuilding the RAID array if a disk fails). The management of the individual devices and their presentation as a single device, is distinct from the management of the files held on that apparent device. ZFS is unusual, because unlike most other storage systems, it unifies both of these roles and acts as both the volume manager and the file system. Therefore, it has complete knowledge of both the physical disks and volumes (including their condition, status, their logical arrangement into volumes, and also of all the files stored on them). ZFS is designed to ensure (subject to suitable hardware) that data stored on disks cannot be lost due to physical error or misprocessing by the hardware or operating system, or bit rot events and data corruption which may happen over time, and its complete control of the storage system is used to ensure that every step, whether related to file management or disk management, is verified, confirmed, corrected if needed, and optimized, in a way that storage controller cards, and separate volume and file managers cannot achieve. ZFS also includes a mechanism for snapshots and replication, including snapshot cloning; the former is described by the Free. BSD documentation as one of its . Snapshots can be rolled back . Checksums are stored with a block's parent block, rather than with the block itself. This contrasts with many file systems where checksums (if held) are stored with the data so that if the data is lost or corrupt, the checksum is also likely to be lost or incorrect. Can store a user- specified number of copies of data or metadata, or selected types of data, to improve the ability to recover from data corruption of important files and structures. Automatic rollback of recent changes to the file system and data, in some circumstances, in the event of an error or inconsistency. Automated and (usually) silent self- healing of data inconsistencies and write failure when detected, for all errors where the data is capable of reconstruction. Data can be reconstructed using all of the following: error detection and correction checksums stored in each block's parent block; multiple copies of data (including checksums) held on the disk; write intentions logged on the SLOG (ZIL) for writes that should have occurred but did not occur (after a power failure); parity data from RAID/RAIDZ disks and volumes; copies of data from mirrored disks and volumes. Native handling of standard RAID levels and additional ZFS RAID layouts (. The RAIDZ levels stripe data across only the disks required, for efficiency (many RAID systems stripe indiscriminately across all devices), and checksumming allows rebuilding of inconsistent or corrupted data to be minimised to those blocks with defects; Native handling of tiered storage and caching devices, which is usually a volume related task. Because it also understands the file system, it can use file- related knowledge to inform, integrate and optimize its tiered storage handling which a separate device cannot; Native handling of snapshots and backup/replication which can be made efficient by integrating the volume and file handling. ZFS can routinely take snapshots several times an hour of the data system, efficiently and quickly. For example, synchronous writes which are capable of slowing down the storage system can be converted to asynchronous writes by being written to a fast separate caching device, known as the SLOG (sometimes called the ZIL - ZFS Intent Log). Highly tunable - many internal parameters can be configured for optimal functionality. Can be used for high availability clusters and computing, although not fully designed for this use. Inappropriately specified systems. It expects or is designed with the assumption of a specific kind of hardware environment. If the system is not suitable for ZFS, then ZFS may underperform significantly. Common system design failures: Inadequate RAM — ZFS may use a large amount of memory in many scenarios; Inadequate disk free space — ZFS uses copy on write for data storage; its performance may suffer if the disk pool gets too close to full; No efficient dedicated SLOG device, when synchronous writing is prominent — this is notably the case for NFS and ESXi; even SSD based systems may need a separate SLOG device for expected performance. The SLOG device is only used for writing apart from when recovering from a system error. It can often be small (for example, in Free. NAS, the SLOG device only needs to store the largest amount of data likely to be written in about 1. SLOG is therefore unusual in that its main criteria are pure write functionality, low latency, and loss protection - usually little else matters. Lack of suitable caches, or misdesigned caches — for example, ZFS can cache read data in RAM (. While routine for other filing systems, ZFS handles RAID natively, and is designed to work with a raw and unmodified low level view of storage devices, so it can fully use its functionality. A separate RAID card may leave ZFS less efficient and reliable. For example ZFS checksums all data, but most RAID cards will not do this as effectively, or for cached data. Separate cards can also mislead ZFS about the state of data, for example after a crash, or by mis- signalling exactly when data has safely been written, and in some cases this can lead to issues and data loss. Separate cards can also slow down the system, sometimes greatly, by adding latency to every data read/write operation, or by undertaking full rebuilds of damaged arrays where ZFS would have only needed to do minor repairs of a few seconds. ZFS terminology and storage structure. The vdev is an essential part of ZFS resilience, since it provides redundancy against physical device failure within ZFS. Therefore, it is easiest to describe ZFS physical storage by first looking at vdevs. Each vdev can be one of: a single device, ormultiple devices in a mirrored configuration, ormultiple devices in a ZFS RAID (. Devices might not be in a vdev if they are unused spare disks, offline disks, or cache devices. Each vdev that the user defines, is completely independent from every other vdev, so different types of vdev can be mixed arbitrarily in a single ZFS system. If data redundancy is required (so that data is protected against physical device failure), then this is ensured by the user when they organize devices into vdevs, either by using a mirrored vdev or a Raid. Z vdev. Data on a single device vdev may be lost if the device develops a fault. Data on a mirrored or Raid. Z vdev will only be lost if enough disks fail at the same time (or before the system has resilvered any replacements due to recent disk failures). A ZFS vdev will continue to function in service if it is capable of providing at least one copy of the data stored on it, although it may become slower due to error fixing and resilvering, as part of its self- repair and data integrity processes. However ZFS is designed to not become unreasonably slow due to self- repair (unless directed to do so by an administrator) since one of its goals is to be capable of uninterrupted continual use even during self checking and self repair. Since ZFS device redundancy is at vdev level, this also means that if a pool is stored across several vdevs, and one of these vdevs completely fails, then the entire pool content will be lost. This is similar to other RAID and redundancy systems, which require the data to be stored or capable of reconstruction from enough other devices to ensure data is unlikely to be lost due to physical devices failing. Therefore, it is intended that vdevs should be made of either mirrored devices or a Raid. Z array of devices, with sufficient redundancy, for important data, so that ZFS can automatically limit and where possible avoid data loss if a device fails. Backups and replication are also an expected part of data protection. Vdevs can be manipulated while in active use. A single disk can have additional devices added to create a mirrored vdev, and a mirrored vdev can have physical devices added or removed to leave a larger or smaller number of mirrored devices, or a single device. A Raid. Z vdev cannot be converted to or from a mirror, although additional vdevs can always be added to expand storage capacity (which can be any kind including Raid. Z). A device in any vdev can be marked for removal, and ZFS will de- allocate data from it to allow it to be removed or replaced. Of note, the devices in a vdev do not have to be the same size, but ZFS may not use the full capacity of all disks in a vdev, if some are larger than other. This only applies to devices within a single vdev. As vdevs are independent, ZFS does not care if different vdevs have different sizes or are built from different devices. Also as a vdev cannot be shrunk in size, it is common to set aside a small amount of unused space (for example 1- 2. Ramsinks. Back. Rex. Outlook Express and Outlook backup. Most features in the free version. Mozbackup. Simple utility for creating backups of Firefox. Thunderbird profiles. It allows you to backup. IMAPSize. A great tool to transfer Thunderbird e- mail. 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Brainstorm gave us virtual reality, a fantastic vision along with some of the more high production value focus on a singular plot line. In the Final Cut, there are two story lines attempting to interweave themselves in some form of fancy twist when only one plot would have been sufficient. The Final Cut tries too hard to impress. Robin Williams' character isn't much of a stretch from his earlier more innovative dramatic works such as Insomnia (2. Death to Smoochy (2. One Hour Photo (2. How To Remove Final Cut Pro X Trial 2002 JeepEven as early as The Fisher King (1. Awakenings (1. 99. Dead Poet's Society (1. Here as Alan Hakman, we've seen his portrayal before and there isn't much in the way of substance here, it's almost as if Mr. Williams is operating on inertia in this movie or that the character as developed by the script didn't really have much more. In One Hour Photo, Mr. Williams character was empty, but his performance was stark and captivating nonetheless. 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AT& T/Sprint/Vzw/Can)The users of Android are entitled to a sense of adventure and freedom that comes after rooting the device and installing a custom recovery on it. If you have root access on your Android device, you can install apps that require root permission and thus tweak your device, customize it, get better battery life, remove bloat apps and so on. By installing a custom recovery, you can try a custom ROM and enjoy enhanced features on your device. Having root access on an Android device and experimenting with root apps, custom mods and ROMs is really a pleasant thing. However, it’s also true that sometimes things might not turn up as expected and you might end up with a device that refuses to boot up. In such situations, restoring the stock firmware back might appear to be the only way to recover your phone. Installing the official firmware back might also prove to your last haven if you wish to unroot your phone and remove the CWM/TWRP recovery. Restore LG G2 to Stock Firmware. If you own the LG G2 and want to restore it to stock firmware, our step- by- step tutorial will help you do that easily and safely. Below is the list of LG G2 variants models on which you can install the stock firmware using our installation guide. Before you proceed, please check your phone’s model by going to Settings> About> Model. Open LG G2 D8. 02. LG G2 D8. 05 (Brazil, Mexico, Panama)AT& T G2 D8. T- Mobile G2 D8. 01. ActiveX is a software framework created by Microsoft that adapts its earlier Component Object Model (COM) and Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) technologies for. Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /srv/users/serverpilot/apps/jujaitaly/public/index.php on line 447. Listing of web test tools and management tools - link checking, html validation, load testing, security testing, java testing, publishing control, site mapping. 1 I celebrate myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. I loafe and invite my soul. I recently purchased a new Yoga 2 Pro with a gorgeous 3200 x 1800 display. My main purposes for this device was to do some heavy lifting on the the road with. 31 March 2009 Malware or legitimate? Are you struggling to figure out if a file listed in FreeFixer's File Database is malware or a legitimate file. Android Inc. Rubin described the Android project as. Sprint G2 LS9. 80. Verizon G2 VS9. 80. Korean LG G2 F3. 20. KKorean LG G2 F3. LKorean G2 (SKT) F3. SDownload LG G2 Stock Firmware (. KDZ)XDA member hyelton has made a repository of LG G2 stock firmwares. The firmwares bear . You can download the firmware for your LG G2 from the link below: LG G2 D8. Firmwares: Click to Download . In many cases, users’ mistake lead to failure. Follow the tutorial at you own responsibility. Also, installing the stock firmware will wipe your phone’s data. Do not forget to backup the data first. Do not flash a 1. GB firmware on 3. GB model. Before Installing Firmware, Must Backup EFS: How to Backup and Restore EFS / IMEI on LG G2. Restore LG G2 to Stock Firmware (. KDZ Firmwares)Method 1: Download the appropriate firmware file (link above) depending on the model number of your LG G2 and extract the ZIP (if applicable). Download and install LG USB Drivers on your computer: Download. Make sure your phone has at least 7. Enable USB Debugging on your device from Settings> Developers options. See detailed guide here. Download LG R& D Flash Tool and other files: LG. It contains all necessary tools and files. Also, download this ZIP and extract it: LGMOBILEAX. Mirror Link)Now open LGMOBILEAX folder and copy its contents to C: \Program. Data\LGMOBILEAX on your computer. The path should be as shown in the picture below. If you get “Update R& D Tool” error later, delete the contents of C: \Program. Data\ LGMOBILEAX folder and copy the new files to this folder from LGMOBILEAX you downloaded at Step 7. Go to C: \Windows/System. Now right click the hosts file and open it with Word. Pad or Note. Pad++ (I used the latter). Now add the following line at the end of the document: 1. Save the changes and close the hosts file. If you are unable to edit the hosts file, do this: go to Notepad or Notepad++ program and open it as administrator on your computer, navigate to the hosts file, add 1. Open LG. To do this, turn off the phone, press and hold the Volume Up key and then plug the USB cable. As soon as your device get connected successfully LG R& D Test Tool will launch. Now click the folder icon at Select kdz file option and add the downloaded stock firmware with . KDZ extension. Then click the Normal web upgrade test button. You’ll see a new Read Phone Information popup window. Now click the Start Upgrade button. Just wait for a few seconds till you see another popup asking you to Select Country & Language. Finally, click OK to proceed with firmware installation. When the firmware flashing is done and your G2 boots up, do not forget to perform a factory reset. To do it, press and hold the Volume Down+Power buttons until you see the phone’s screen. Method 2: Note: This method requires all preparations (till Step 1. Method 1. Open LG. Your LG G2 is now running the newly installed stock firmware. Enjoy! Restoring Firmware on AT& T/Verizon/Sprint LG G2 (. TOT Firmwares)If you own an AT& T or Sprint LG G2, here’s how you can install the stock firmware to your phone. Download LG Flash Tool setup file: Setup. When it is installed, do not launch it. Enable USB Debugging on your device from Settings> Developers options. See detailed guide here. Now install the USB Drivers and reboot the computer. To ensure that the drivers have been installed correctly, put your device in Download Mode and then connect it to the PC. You can boot your device in Download Mode this way: Turn off the phone and press the Volume Up button while plugging the USB cable. In case, this method does not work, try the same procedure with holding the Volume Up and Down keys both. Then press Windows + X on your computer’s keyboard and select Device Manager. You should see LG phone listed under COM ports. Right- click LGE Android. Net USB Serial Port (COM2) Then select Properties> Advanced and change the COM port to COM4. Save the changes and exit. When the device drivers have been setup, disconnect your LG G2. It’s time now to launch the LG Flash Tools, but before doing that—Set your computer’s date to July 2. Disconnect internet connection. Please note that the LG Flash Tools require a registration serial key to function. You can search the web to find a working serial key for the program. Open the LG Flash Tool and input the key. Now you’ll see a dialog box. Click on Add button on S/W field and load the firmware file with . TOT extension. Then click the . DLL field and add the DLL file here. Click OK. Now click on the Yellow arrow button on the top left. Doing this initialize the installation process. When it is done, you’ll see Ready message. Unplug your phone now and boot it into Download Mode (see Step 5 above). As soon as your G2 is connected to PC via USB, it should start flashing the firmware automatically. At the completion of the process, your AT& T/Sprint LG G2 will reboot automatically and it’ll be running the newly installed stock firmware. Enjoy! Installing Firmware on Verizon LG G2 (. TOT)Download and install the LG USB Drivers on your PC: Download Here. Also, install the LG Mobile Support Tool on your computer. After installing the USB drivers, make sure it has been setup correctly by setting the COM port as COM4. Windows Device manager. For detailed instructions, see the Step 6 and 7 given on the previous page of this tutorial in the AT& T and Sprint section. Enable USB Debugging on your device from Settings> Developers options. See detailed guide here. Download the firmware file for your Verizon LG G2 from the link above, or the latest 1. A from here. Unzip the firmware. Download and install LG Flash Tool: Setup. Replace the old Mega. Lock. dll file if you have already installed LG Flash Tool on your computer. Now download LG Flash Device DLL file: LGVS9. To do this, press and hold the Volume Up key and then plug the USB cable. Launch LG Flash Tool. Connect your G2 to the computer via USB cable. You’ll see a window with Korean language, just click on OK. Check the Select Manual Mode on the top. Click the DLL box and choose the LGVS9. How did the things go for you? Were they easy, or did you encounter issues? Do not forget to share with us. Cheers! sources: 1, 2, 3. Interesting Stuff for LG G2 Users. Download Huge Collection of Themes for LG G2. Install Custom Fonts On Android Devices. Make Your LG G2 Perform Faster By Fixing Lag Issue. Enjoy Louder Speaker and Headphone Volume on LG G2. Web Test Tools. How to advertiseon Softwareqatest. More than 5. 40 tools listed in 1. Organization of Web Test Tools Listing. Note: Categories are not well- defined and some tools could have been. Web Site Management. Tools' category includes products that contain: site version. Test on demand or automate testing. Easily integrated into existing Dev stacks using their partnership. REST API. Advanced Features include: AJAX/Web. Services, XML/JSON Data Viewer. API data/Execution. Enables. users to stress test websites, web apps, and APIs using real browsers. Simulate globally- distributed traffic or local traffic from a single geographic location. Features. include automatic recording of test scenarios, distributed load injectors, topological and threshold. Developed. based on fiber, a user- level thread implementation in Java. The tool is useful in scenarios where. Many existing tools are developed for scenarios with high. HTML reports can be generated during the load to view response times. CPU, etc. Developed in Erlang. Features a single VU license type to cover a range of. Free and $ versions available. Can customize different. UI. Requires Win and IE. It allows you. to run simultaneous python scripts to generate load (synthetic transactions) against a web site or web service. Can capture real production workload for. Also. available in the Amazon EC2, Rack. Space or Plat. Form Labs cloud environments. Simulate any user scenario for webapps, websites. Launch a single dedicated server or a cluster of 1. Apache JMeter compatible - . JMeter environments with up to 1. CPU cores and 5. 00 GB of memory. Utilizes Selenium. Access to distributed network of. Free and $ options; free low level load tests for 1- 1. Define test cases in an. XML file - specify requests - url, method, body/payload, etc - and verifications. HTTP and HTTPS (SSL) support. Capabilities include handling of. Ajax. Generates tests in C#. For Windows platforms. An open- source stress- testing tool for web apps; includes. User can give JCrawler a set of starting. URLs and it will begin crawling from that point onwards, going. URLs it can find on its way and generating load on. Load parameters (hits/sec) are configurable. XML file; fires up as many threads as needed to keep load. In contrast to other tools curl- loader is using. C- written client protocol stacks, namely, HTTP and FTP stacks of. TLS/SSL of openssl. Advanced user journey modeling, scalable load. OS independent. Orchestrate activities of a test script in many processes. Test scripts. make use of client code embodied in Java plug- ins. Most users do not. Clear and comprehensive. Supports latest technologies, including AJAX, FLEX, GWT, Java. Serialization, and more. Capabilities. include: cookies managed natively, making the script modelling. HTML and XML parser, allowing display and. HTML page or an XML flux. APIs; more. Focus is not on implementing one. Handles. dynamic content and HTTPS/SSL; easy to use; support. These enable. testers to author, execute, and manage tests and related work. Visual Studio. Originally designed. Web Applications but has since expanded to other test functions. Servlets, Perl scripts, Java Objects, Data Bases and Queries, FTP Servers. Can be used to simulate a heavy load on a server, network or. Reports. total number of transactions, elapsed time, bytes transferred, response. Validates. each response using plain text or regular expression searches, or by. Full Java API. Other features: for high- performance. HTTP clients and servers, realistic traffic generation and. Based on the. Apache 1. Available via CPAN. For Windows. Modem simulation allows. For Windows, Linux, Solaris. UNIX variants. Handles HTTP and HTTPS; for Unix. Test scripting via visual tool or Javascript with. Built- in support for Web Services/REST. SOAP, Rest, XML, JSON, Web. DAV. Can integrate with selenium. Allows prediction of behavior of e- business environment before. Also provides longer term trend analysis. For IE, Chrome, Firefox, Safari mobile. Android Chrome. YSlow, checks one page at a time and provides. Free and $ versions available. Page. Speed Analysis tools enable. Page. Speed Optimization tools can help automate the process. Includes a Performance report card, HTTP/HTML summary. JSLint. Store high- detail 5- minute checks. View video, screenshots, logs, and. Executes test scripts on cloud machines, mobile devices. Provides comprehensive reporting; Targeted Platforms/OS: Windows, Mac OS, IOS, and Android. Tests are written using the Selenium 2 client API. Enables automation by. OS accessibility attributes. Like some other i. OS test tools, uses undocumented Apple APIs, thus is appropriate. Reports on issues found and suggest mitigation approaches. Integrates with Xcode for i. OS and Eclipse for Android. Reports include device specifications. Video replay with synchronized log streaming. Can write a Python program that installs an Android application. You can physically attach all the devices or start. Can be extended with plugins. Cross- platform, supporting Android and i. OS native apps. Provides test device cloud. Test scripts can run in parallel on hundreds. Can run your tests locally against an emulator or. Testmunk cloud. Also includes 'Answers' kit which provides critical. Can integrate with many 3rd party bug tracking. Requires integratiing the open source Hockey. App SDK for Android, i. OS, Mac OS X, Win. Unity, Xamarin; then uploading your app build to Hockey. App. Testers can then download and install the app and then. Your application and. Can also run your own automation scripts. Free and $paid versions. Test cases can be easily created, without needing the. Implemented as a C++ library that can be used by other tools and applications. Multi- touch gestures, access to the physical. A small footprint. Create objective- driven test flows by utilizing. Supports IE, Firefox, Chrome, Safari. Web. View, HTML5. Custom actions can be created using C#, C++, JAVA, or Python. As of mid- 2. 01. Mac OS X 1. 0. 7 or higher. Linux OK for Android- only; Win support is in . Can validate tests using internal variable values and conditionally wait for internal. Comes with rich set of test validations and object location strategies. Java. Script. Enables any mobile device. Wirelessly pair multiple i. OS and Android devices to your computer. HTML, CSS, and Java. Script. Does not require you to jailbreak, unlock or root your device - just. The IDE includes test project management, integration. Ranorex tools (Recorder, Repository, Spy), intuitive code editor, code completion, debugging, and watch monitor. Tests are written in Objective C, allowing for maximum integration with code while minimizing. Perform side by side functional and real- user condition testing. Leverage the automation frameworks and IDEs you already use. Selenium, Appium, UFT, Eclipse, and Visual Studio. Select your target location(s), device type(s) and OSs. Optimizer will do the rest. The test coverage grader helps build a custom mobile app test strategy. Can integrate with Maven or Ant to run tests as part of continuous integration. It works well on Broadcast receivers, and average on Services. For. Activities, only single Activities can be fuzzed, not all them. Instrumentations can also be started using this interface. Intent based IPC mechanism. Keynote Mobile Testing - . Cloud- based real mobile handset/tablet testing platform, from Keynote Systems, enables development. Any action that can be performed on a mobile device in- hand can be replicated on devices. Automation capabilities provide flexible scripting that enables building of test scripts. Supports object level including native. Quickly develop scripts using GUI- based commands, Java API, other test. HP UFT, IBM Rational, Selenium, or direct support with Jenkins for continuous. Provides a unified view of mobile and. Web performance and availability. Utilizes thousands of different 'mobile devices'. Dynatrace testing agents deployed on mobile nodes. Supports all major phone platforms such as i. OS. Android OS, Black. Berry OS, Palm OS, Symbian OS & multiple feature phone operating systems. Return to top of web tools listing. Link Checking Tools. Broken Links at a Glance - . Free online broken link checker for small web sites (up to 1. Hans van der Graaf. Start from a dashboard and drill down to any errors. HTTP response codes and URLs of broken links are published in the Console log. Found in: 'Chrome > Tools > Javascript Console'). Automatically- scheduled reporting by e- mail. Available as source code; binary available for Linux. Distributed under Gnu General Public License. Only need a starting. URL; all site pages wilk be validated using W3. C and Tenon and a summary and detailed report is produced. Free standalone open source version also available. Ruby gem. Error count of an HTML page is seen as an icon. For Windows. Available as source code or binaries. API can test using Document Source or URL. Relates to Guideline 3. Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2. Designed to identify errors in. Section 5. 08 standards and/or the WCAG guidelines. It is used to aid humans in the 5. Rather than providing a complex technical report, WAVE shows the original. It also contains functionality to create simulations of certain visual conditions such. Support for over 2. USB drive with no installation. PDF docs on the web often present challenges for the visually impaired. HTTP requests are made to application's. APIs. and websites are running as expected. Can specify a JSON. Services can be made. Debug API calls with request inspector, see exact request and. HTTP level. Fault injection to simulate real application behaviour. Supports GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH (and OPTIONS); CORS. Comprehensive Administration API - . Integrate build tools with the service Mockable; admin is programmable. Control mocks using the. REST API - provides 1. Mockable. Import from WSDLs for SOAP mocks. You can have as many spaces (domains) as you need. Mocks. can also be served on your company DNS domain. You have not yet voted on this site! If you have already visited the site, please help us classify the good from the bad by voting on this site. Welcome to nsane.forums, like most online communities you need to register to view parts of our community or to make contributions, but don't worry: this is a free. Search torrents on dozens of torrent sites and torrent trackers. Unblock torrent sites by proxy. PirateBay proxies, RARBG unblocked and more torrent proxies. This domain name is for sale. USDWrite us for more information @. JPY (Japanese Yen) - Latest News, Analysis and Forex.The Original On HAX. World Famous Cracks, Serial Keys, Patches for any software without surveys or adfly. This domain name is for sale (100,000 USD): uploading.com Write us for more information @. Top of Google Search Results? Study this blog, and Find out how. Parallels provides desktop and application virtualization across desktops and mobile devices along with technology management solutions. Bit Apps Aren't Showing Up in the App Store But Don't Panic, Yet. Apple’s WWDC is tomorrow and you can expect that the latest update to its mobile operating system, i. OS 1. 1 will be one of the announcements. Adobe Photoshop CS6 compared vs. Photoshop CS6 Extended: two versions, new features. Which editions do trials, suites & students get? Reading might be fundamental, but that doesn’t mean we read as often as we should. Everyone has at least one stack of books they stare at sheepishly, knowing they. From Nitro PDF Software: Use PDF Download to do whatever you like with PDF files on the Web and regain control. Web to PDF--Convert any Web pages to high-quality PDF. Introducing all-new versions of your favorite Creative Cloud desktop apps. Try for free or choose your preferred membership plan. You can download a 30 day free trial of Adobe Photoshop CS4 for Windows, and a a free trial of Adobe Photoshop CS4 for MAC at the Adobe website. Download the free trial version below to get started. Double-click the downloaded file to install the software. With the update, support for 3. Apple store. A new message found in the latest i. OS 1. 0 beta update seems to indicate Apple will be killing off. But the old 3. 2- bit apps still worked just fine and that’s the way it’s been ever since. But i. OS 1. 1 will be Apple’s first operating system that is abandoning those old apps in favor of pushing developers to update or be lost forever. As Touch Arcade points out, if you search for an old 3. Peggle Classic, you won’t find what your looking for. However, if you use a direct link, the app is still available for download. What this means is you can still grab that old app that you meant to buy or would like to own again. And it will work on your phone until you update to i. OS 1. 1. Gamers will likely be the ones who are hit hardest by this transition. If an older game’s time has come and gone, developers may not feel like it’s worth it to update. With productivity apps, you’ve probably already moved on to something else or can find a replacement that functions the same way. But games, especially games by indie developers, are often one of a kind. And games that don’t use microtransactions tend to have a shorter window of profitability. Going through Kotaku’s list of the 1. Phone, only one entry has disappeared from the search results: Ridiculous Fishing. Download any Adobe product for a free 30 day trial. Photoshop CS5 Free Trial - Download Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended For A 30 Day Free Trial Tryout. Crea animazioni ed effetti speciali con Adobe After Effects CC. Realizza progetti per il cinema, la TV, il video e il web. Iscriviti oggi stesso. Back in 2013, Apple improved its hardware by switching over to 64-bit processors. But the old 32-bit apps still worked just fine and that’s the way it’s been ever. In life, nothing is ever colored perfectly, and spots of suspiciously similar pixels in a photo might be evidence of a doctored photo, according to former Adobe. As for the apps that are already on your phone, Apple has included a panel in Settings for you to check if there’s an update available. Just go to Settings> General> About> Applications. A list of the apps that will be outdated should be displayed. If nothing’s there, you should be good. Soon, you’ll need to update to i. OS 1. 1. It will be the best operating system for your phone, and it’ll be the most secure option. But if you have an older device laying around maybe you’ll want to load it up with some apps that are dying and just never update it. For the love of god, if you haven’t played Ridiculous Fishing, do it now. Adobe Photoshop CS5 - 3. Day Free Trial - DDOWNLOAD CS5 Photoshop 1. Try before you buy. Download any Adobe product for a free 3. Photoshop CS5 Free Trial - Download Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended For A 3. Day Free Trial Tryout The Photoshop CS5 Free Trial is now available. Want to read about the features in Photoshop CS5? If you would like to bookmark the Photoshop CS5 free trial download page, here is the direct link to the Adobe Photoshop CS5 3. Day Free Trial Download. You can upgrade from any Suite to any Suite, as there are no more restrictions. Customers can upgrade to CS5 suites from up to 3 versions back. Customers can even step down; go from Photoshop Extended to Photoshop or from a Master Collection to another Suite. For full upgrade pricing on individual CS5 products visit the Adobe Store. Photoshop CS5 Tutorials & CS5 Resources. See our Photoshop CS5 Resource Center for Free Photoshop CS5 Tutorials, and the Free Photoshop CS5 Trial Download. See our Photoshop CS4 Resource Center for Free Photoshop CS4 Tutorials. Photoshop CS5 New Features - Photoshop CS5 Extended New Features List. The Photoshop CS5 Free Trial Download is not available yet. Below are the new features from Photoshop CS5 and Photoshop CS5 Extended. Intelligent selection technology. Photoshop CS5 takes the time and frustration out of making precise image selections and masks, providing you a faster way to extract subjects from their backgrounds and create realistic composites. New intelligent selection technology offers better edge detection and faster, more accurate masking results of complex subjects, like hair. Automatic color decontamination helps you eliminate background color around the edges of a selection, resulting in more seamless compositions when placing extracted subjects on new backgrounds. Experienced Photoshop users know that the best selections are created by constantly adapting the selection technique for differences in the subject’s edges—one method for hair and another for the edge of a building. Smart Radius automatically matches the best selection approach with the subject’s changing edge characteristics, and the extra view modes assist you in previewing the quality of your selections. The Refine Radius and Erase Refinements tools customize your masks and selections as you make them. These tools, in combination with the color decontamination settings, help eliminate any residual background color from around the edges of your selections. The ability to create accurate selections is made easier with the Edge Detection controls in the updated Refine Edge dialog box. In this example, a single mask encompassing both the soft- edged hair. The final result is then layered against a new background in the magazine layout. Content- Aware Fill One of the most exciting new features in Photoshop CS5 is the remarkable ability to remove an image element and magically replace it with details that match the lighting, tone, and noise of the surrounding area so that it looks like the content never existed. Now, you can make substantial changes to photo composition quickly and easily, as even large complex subjects can be seamlessly erased. The Content- Aware feature can also be. Spot Healing brush. Selecting the. Content- Aware setting with the Spot. Healing brush changes the way the tool. This. retouching approach is designed to. Alternatively, you. Content- Aware option in the. Fill dialog box. Use Content- Aware Fill in conjunction with the Fill command by making a. Content- Aware option from the Use. Fill dialog box. In this example, the boat has been removed from the photo by making a rough selection around the subject (left) and then filling the area with the Content Aware option selected in the Fill dialog box. The result is a seamless removal of the subject. Photoshop CS5 introduces HDR Pro for more control over the HDR merging process and greater adjustment power over the mapping of tones and the styling of HDR output, resulting in images that range from photorealistic to highly surreal. New algorithms enable more accurate alignment of source files and automatically deghost any problem areas that occur when trying to merge source photos where subjects have moved during capture. New tone- mapping tools and adjustment controls give you the power to implement your own HDR vision, producing photos that range in style from fully textured images of high- contrast scenes to wildly hyper- realistic creations. Save your favorite styles as presets and apply them to multiple groups of source files to provide a common look and feel to your HDR photos. And for times when you don’t have multiple source files, create the look of an HDR- processed image from a single photo with the new HDR Toning feature that allows you to mimic the tone- mapping results traditionally achieved in high dynamic range photos. Or, you can. override the auto feature and manually. Together with the existing Photomerge. HDR Pro can add up to. The Auto Stack Panorama/HDR files option in Adobe Bridge CS5 and the new panelized Mini. Bridge groups source files together into stacks for quicker creation of HDR images in Photoshop. CS5. State- of- the- art raw- image processing The Adobe Camera Raw 6 plug- in, which ships with Photoshop CS5, now supports more than 2. In addition, the utility provides advanced, nondestructive image editing and enhancement for raw files, as well as for other standard formats, including JPEG and TIFF. Now you can remove noise, achieve better quality sharpening, and creatively apply new styles of vignettes and film- like grain. Recreate the look of your favorite film with the new Grain feature. Left: Original photo. Right: After grain has. New controls for adding grain and additional post- crop vignetting settings join many creative options already available in this utility, such as the Adjustment Brush and the Graduated Filter. For the first time, you can add grain- like texture to photos as part of your nondestructive editing workflow. Adjust amount, size, and roughness of grain to easily give composites a more natural, seamless appearance by matching levels of grain across all source images—or simply use the feature to make a digital photo look more organic or film- like. Updated post- crop vignetting options offer more creative control over the corner darkening and lightening process, and your favorite vignette effects can be saved as presets for quick application across multiple files. Extraordinary painting effects With a new Mixer Brush, a Bristle Tips feature, and a new mechanism for blending colors, Photoshop CS5 redefines the way you paint. You can take advantage of more natural and realistic painting effects, making it easy to take your imagery and designs in new artistic directions. The Mixer Brush lets you define multiple colors on a single tip, and then mix and blend them with the underlying hues on your canvas, achieving creative results that rival traditional painting media. Mixer Brush settings provide extensive control over the wetness of the canvas colors, the load rate that determines amount of paint loaded on the brush, the mixing rate between brush and canvas colors, and whether the brush is refilled, cleaned, or both after each painting stroke. In conjunction with these new mixing features, Photoshop CS5 incorporates unprecedented control over stroke characteristics of its painting tools with Bristle Tips. Bristle Qualities define key bristle properties such as shape, length, stiffness, thickness, angle, and spacing, which affect how the color is laid on the image as you paint. The Bristle Brush Preview feature provides a visual representation of these changes, and you can save your tip configurations for future use, allowing you to build a customized collection of Bristle Tips to experiment with when using Photoshop brush tools. Puppet Warp Puppet Warp gives you more freedom when pushing and pulling elements within an image. The feature lets you recompose an image to make it more appealing, or to fit a specific layout, by allowing the precise repositioning of any element within a Photoshop document, or selection, by simply clicking and dragging. After you reposition an object, Photoshop adjusts the rest of the image to account for the shifted pixels. Then drag any of the pins to reposition the picture elements. Use Puppet Warp to swing a raised arm to a person’s side, warp and stretch text to create new effects, or reposition intrusive objects in a photo to create a more pleasing composition. Automated lens correction The Lens Correction features in Photoshop CS5 create better quality captures by removing or correcting the three most common lens- based errors: geometric distortion, chromatic aberration, and vignetting. This means you can use a wider range of lenses with the confidence of producing images of the highest quality. With the aid of the Adobe Lens Profile Creator (available separately as a free download from labs. When installed and selected in the Lens Correction filter in Photoshop CS5, the profile automatically removes or corrects the three types of distortion. Easy 3. D extrusions with Adobe Repouss. Photoshop CS5 Extended offers a powerful new feature, inspired by this traditional technique, for creating eye- catching 3. D artwork. Easily extrude text to create logos and 3. D artwork for use in websites, video frames, or layouts. Starting with a text layer, a path, a selection, or a layer mask, you can convert the content to 3. D with the Create New 3. D Object section of the 3. D panel. After the conversion is complete, you can alter the look of your 3. D model by manipulating its key extrusion properties —depth, scale, bend, shear, inflate, or twist— in the Repouss. In addition to manipulating these properties, you can inflate the front or back of the extrusion and/or apply a custom bevel. 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